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On the eve of "World Environment Day" (June 5), While I am writing this article a Heart Wrenching tragedy is reported from Kerala wherein a pregnant elephant was brutally murdered by some locals. It is alleged that some locals fed her a pineapple stuffed with crackers that caused the death of the elephant. Here in this column, I will discuss the legal aspects that deal with the killing of wild animals .   What does the Constitution say?   Article 48-A of the Indian Constitution casts a  duty on the state to protect, safeguard, and improve the forests and wildlife of the country.  Article 51-A (g) a fundamental duty has been imposed on every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures .  (Both the provisions were added in the constitution by 42nd amendment, 1976 during Emergency Era )   What do  other laws say?    Section 428 of the Indi

     यत्र नारयस्तु पूजयन्ते रमन्ते तत्र देवता   (जहाँ  नारी का सम्मान होता है, वहाँ देवताओ का वास होता हैं )                                                                                               .... मनुस्मृति  इस लेख की शुरुआत के पहले मैं एक घटना बताना चाहता हूँ, यह घटना एक परिचित न्यायाधीश महोदया के साथ हुई , न्यायाधीश महोदया न्यायालय की ओर जा रही थी तभी उनके घर के बाहर लगभग 25 वर्षीय एक महिला अपने साथ तीन बच्चो को गोद में लिए आई और कुछ खाना मांगने लगी, उस महिला के सामने के दांत टूटे हुए थे, तब न्यायाधीश महोदया ने उस महिला से कौतूहलवश तुम गुटखा खाती  हो? तब उस महिला ने बताया नहीं मैडम मैं गुटखा नहीं खाती यह दांत तो मेरे पति ने मुझसे शराब पीकर  मारपीट की थी उससे टूट गए तब उन्होंने उससे पूछा तुमने पुलिस को शिकायत क्यों नहीं की? उस महिला ने जो कहा, उसे सुनकर न्यायाधीश महोदया दंग रह गयी उसने कहा मैडम कोई पुलिस वाला शिकायत दर्ज नहीं करता और उल्टा हमे ही डांटकर भगा देते है और फिर अगर आदमी जेल चला गया तो इन बच्चो को मै अकेले नहीं पाल सकती यह सुन न्यायाधीश महोदया ने उसे खाने को

Like all other happenings, COVID-19 also has two aspects. The pessimist facet of this pandemic is that it has disrupted the entire human routine and causes major disruptions in health facilities while the optimistic feature of this pandemic is that it has given an occasion to the nature for its revival and has made individual self-reliant, another positive aspect of this pandemic is in form of decongestion of jails and release of under-trial prisoners which was long pending prison reform. As per prison statistics compiled by the National Crime Record Bureau, between 2008 to 2018 the prisons in India had an average occupancy rate of 117 percent i.e. if there is a capacity of 100 prisoners in a prison 117 prisoners are detained therein. In 2018 there were 4,66,084 prisoners detained in all prisons in India, While the capacity of prisons was   3,96,223. Out of Which 3,23,537 were under-trial prisoners ( Prisoners who have been detained pending investigation, inquiry or trial.) , 1,39,48

What does Reservation Mean : Reservation is an act of withholding certain things for being enjoyed by the particular person/community and no other person/community has the right to enjoy the reserved thing. The Rationale for Reservation : The reason for incorporating the provision of reservation in the constitution of India was to promote social justice i.e. there shall be no discrimination against any person on ground of backwardness and equal opportunity shall be provided to every person. The constitution framers never intended to include the provisions of reservation for the elimination of poverty. Is the Right to Education a fundamental right? Right to Education was not a part of fundamental rights till 1992. It was a part of directive principles of state policy under Article 45 which provides,  "The State shall endeavor to provide, within ten years from the commencement of this Constitution, for free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age o

INDIA: SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC The Preamble of the Indian constitution read as follows :   "WE THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC....... THIS CONSTITUTION" Our Constitution makers had hereby laid down the broad contours for the nation. Each of the terms having the rationale for inclusion in the preamble. In this article, I am going to explore these terms. SOVEREIGN : Sovereignty  is the power of a State to do everything necessary to govern itself, such as making, executing, and applying laws; imposing and collecting taxes; making war  and peace, and forming treaties or engaging in commerce with foreign nations. Indians remained under Imperial Power for almost 200 years. Indians always wanted self-rule or "SWARAJ" (in Hindi स्व - self  राज - Rule). Indian National Congress on  19 December 1929, passed the historic ‘Purna Swaraj’ –